Medications and treatments Archive

Using hormone therapy, which involves taking estrogen and sometimes progesterone, doesn't stop or slow the approach of menopause. The arrival of menopause is determined by women's ovaries, not by the amount of these hormones in the body.

Metabolic syndrome is defined as having at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, high blood triglyceride levels, high blood pressure, high blood sugar levels, and low HDL cholesterol levels. The condition significantly increases the risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, fatty liver disease, and sleep apnea. While each factor is problematic, the main driver is abdominal obesity, from visceral fat surrounding internal organs. The best way to reduce visceral fat is aerobic exercise, strength training, and a plant-based diet.

A 2025 study found that a pill version of the drug semaglutide, marketed as Rybelsus, can lower the risk for serious heart problems in people who have diabetes as well as cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, or both.

A 2025 study suggested that a structured exercise plan can significantly reduce the risk of falls among older women who take multiple medications.

Doctors are optimistic that artificial intelligence (A.I.) will one day play a role in curing and preventing Alzheimer's disease. One example of A.I.'s application is its use in helping scientists learn how certain molecules might cause Alzheimer's.

In a 2025 study, researchers estimated that fewer than four emergency department visits attributed to semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) occurred for every 1,000 patients taking the drug in 2022 and 2023. Most of the visits were related to gastrointestinal problems.

Topical painkillers might be safer than pills to relieve discomfort from muscle strains (like a pulled hamstring) or ligament sprains (like a sprained ankle). This is because topicals target the area of pain. As a result, other parts of the body are exposed to lower levels of medicine. That's important, since some painkillers, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can pose severe risks-such as heart attack and stroke.

Cannabis use is rising among older adults, who mostly use cannabis edibles such as gummies for relaxation and sleep. While smoking cannabis may raise heart attack risk, the cardiac effects of consuming cannabis in food or drinks are less well understood. Taking too much cannabis can lead to a panic attack, which can cause a pounding heart or palpitations. People who use cannabis should take it only as needed to relieve symptoms, using the lowest possible dose.

Magnesium is a mineral the human body needs to function properly - especially for a healthy cardiovascular system, nerves, muscles, and bones - though the benefits of supplements are largely oversold. While most people get enough magnesium from their diet, in certain instances people should take a supplement.

Certain medications can leave people more vulnerable to heat-related effects or the sun's rays. The medications can raise the risk of dehydration, make people sweat too much or too little, impair the body's ability to regulate temperature, or raise the risk of getting a bad sunburn. In addition, higher temperatures may damage some medicines, including diuretics, blood pressure drugs, some antidepressants, thyroid replacement hormones, and some over-the-counter antihistamines.